Blue links lead to the fully translated html versions of the page, purple links lead to pages whose start pages (as well as introductions and tables of contents at least) are already set up, green links lead to extern sites, grey means that no file is available yet).
/Notes in this color and between two / are from the operator of the German mirror site and translator/.
Copyright Dr. Eng. Jan Pająk
Remote detection of impending earthquakes with the use of genius telepathic apparatus called "Zhang Heng Seismograph"
Part #F: My research on the "Zhang Heng Seismograph":
#F1. I have researched privately the "houfeng didongy yi" since 1993:
I learned about the existence and operation of this wonder device in 1993, from my Chinese friends living in Malaysia. This happened soon after I took my professorial position at the Malaya University in Kuala Lumpur. Since that time I sporadically managed to collect various sparse information which were available on this device. This allowed me to study principles of operation that this device utilises. However, I managed to photograph and to fully describe this device only in 2003, when I accidentally stepped on it in Wellington, New Zealand. In order to see this unique device in action, to investigate it, and to photograph it, at some stage I even intended to privately fly to China. Unfortunately I was prevented from undertaking such a trip by the lack of address of the location in which the original of this device could be seen. Now I know that the reason why it was so difficult to establish this address, is simply that the original device was destroyed a long time ago. So I delayed this trip because I had insufficient funds to seek this location only after I arrive to China. But as it can be seen, "since Mohammed could not come to the mountain, the mountain come to Mohammed". (Or, should I say: "since Pajak could not come to the seismograph, the seismograph come to Pajak".) In March 2003 unexpectedly for myself, and just by a pure chance, I found this device in the museum Te Papa in Wellington, means in city in which I lived then. Of course, I immediately photographed it and subjected to detailed operational analysis. By the end of October 2003 I already had the real operation of this device worked out, and described in the content of subsection K6.1. from monograph [1/5] (a free copy of which is available via this web page). Highly useful for this working out turned out to be my previous knowledge that I accumulated about the operation of this device. This is because in the exhibition from Wellington only a misleading explanation for the operation of this device is provided. This explanation bases exclusively on the application of forces of inertia. For example, in order to support this inertial explanation, such a key information regarding this device was conveniently not mentioned, as that it actually is a fountain. On the other hand, the absolutely vital condition of the real operation of this device explained below, is that the telepathically modulated streams of water must flow through mouths of eight dragons. This means that the device could not work without water, and that this convenient "not mentioning" about water, distorts completely our understanding of the principles of operation that the device applies.
Img.227 (#F1) : This is myself, Dr Jan Pajak. The working out of true principles of operation of the "houfeng didongy yi" is one of my scientific accomplishments. I started my research on this extraordinary device in 1993. By 2003 I had worked out the true principle of operation of it. Starting from 2003, until today, I unsuccessfully seek a workplace and a research laboratory, where I could construct a working prototype of this wonder instrument which is capable of saving countless lives - for more details see item #I1. of this web page.
#F2. Device's shape and mutual cooperation of components:
The earthquake alarming device discussed here takes a shape of a fountain. In this fountain water that flows out of it, is firstly gathered and calmed down in an axially-symmetrical "antenna chamber" cast of the finest bronze and shaped like a barrel, or a vast wine vat (jar), with a domed lid. The chamber's widest diameter is eight ancient Chinese feet, means around 1.9 meter. It is almost 3 meters tall. Water inside of the chamber is intercepted by inlets of eight "outgoing pipes". These inlets surround the vertical axis of the device. Then water flows by these pipes into eight stylised "dragon mouths" located around the largest peripheral of the barrel. In order to minimise friction and increase the reliability of this device, interior of the mouth of each dragon is gold-plated. In mouth of each dragon a loose metal "pearl" is placed. I repeat here the name "pearl", because the original Chinese mythology states, that dragons like to carry pearls in their mouths. Therefore these "metal spheres" that are placed in mouths of eight dragons from the device discussed here, by Chinese are called "pearls". But practically these are just ordinary balls made of metal resistant to corrosion - according to my information originally made of a gold-plated bronze. After washing these "pearls" around, water flows out of dragons' mouths and arches down to open mouths of bronze "ringing frogs" located under each dragon. These frogs are so designed, that practically they act as bronze bells. So if onto any of them a "pearl" falls from dragon's mouth above, this frog produces a loud sound of bell ringing. This sound of bell is sufficiently loud and clear, that it attracts attention of all people around, and initiates an alarm. According to historic records, the sound of dropping ball was loud enough to wake the Emperors' entire household, alerting them to the incoming earthquake. Because the alarm is always initiated in advance, it gave time advantage to everyone to escape from the danger zone. However, in normal cases these "pearls" are staying in mouths of dragons and do not make any noise. In order to regulate precisely the force that is necessary for water to pull a given "pearl" from the dragon's mouth, the degree of closing and slanting of this mouth is subjected to the "fine tuning" via a system of "tuning leavers" controlled with the vertical rod placed in the centre of the chamber. Therefore only when an actual earthquake approaches, this one "pearl" which is located on the side of the incoming earthquake, falls down from the dragon's mouth to mouth of a frog, and rings loudly for alarm. After starting the alarm, the stream of water pointing into the direction of an incoming earthquake keeps a turbulent flow and shoots at a distance larger than usual. By judging the distance at which it shoots, and the intensity of turbulence of the flow, the destructive power of an incoming earthquake can easily be estimated. Also the tuning leavers of the dragons' mouths allows to regulate the device exactly, so that only earthquakes above a specific threshold power are able to trigger the required alarm.
Img.539 (#F2): A technical drawing which shows the claimed design of seismograph's inertial mechanism. (Note, however, that no working prototype that applies this "inertial principle" was ever constructed. Thus the above design is purely hypothetical and never proven to work in practice.) Internal details are visible. In 2003 this design is presented and described on the web page international.tamu.edu. The above page is really worth having a look at. For example it shows also the cemetery on which the "Zhang Heng seismograph" took the last rest.
#F3. Principle of operation of the "houfeng didongy yi":
The principle of operation of the earthquake alarming device discussed here is based on the capability of the barrel-shaped "antenna chamber" of this fountain to reflect and to focus telepathic waves. Each earthquake induces a powerful burst of telepathic waves of a high amplitude. These waves with infinitive speed propagate concentrically along straight lines radiating from the epicentre of the earthquake. They arrive instantly to every point on earth, to which the slow waving of the ground that originates from this earthquake is gong to arrive only after some time. Thus the telepathic waves arrive significantly in advance to the areas which a bit later are going to be destroyed by a given earthquake. Amongst others, these telepathic waves also penetrate through the barrel-shaped "antenna chamber" of the fountain. A part of them is deflected from the inner surface of the barrel, similarly like waves of light reflect from a concave mirror. Because of the barrel-shaped cavity of the fountain, and also because of the appropriate location of holes in pipes through which water is pouring out to mouths of dragons, these deflected telepathic waves are focused just on the water that enters mouth of a selected dragon. After it is focused on this water that flows out, these waves change character of the flow. In normal case, water flows through mouths of dragons in a manner that the discipline of hydromechanics describes as a "laminar flow". This flow is only possible when water in a given dish is stationary, and when it flows out in a manner completely undisturbed. The laminar flow is characterised by a very low coefficient of friction, and thus also by a low drag of the flowing water. So this water is unable to drag with itself, and to throw out, these "pearls" that it washes in dragons' mouths. But if a powerful burst of telepathic waves is focused on a given outlet of water, these waves change the character of the flow of water. From a "laminar flow", this water transforms into a "turbulent flow". The discipline of hydromechanics states, that a turbulent flow is characterised by a very high coefficient of friction, and thus also by a high drag. So water which displays such a turbulent flow and flows around a given "pearl", drags this "pearl" with it, and throws this pearl into the mouth of a frog located below. Via such mechanism of changes in character of the water's flow, modulated by telepathic waves focused by the parabolic "antenna chamber" of this fountain, the fountain effectively performs functions of an anti-earthquake alarming device.
Img.540 (#F3): A spectacular replica of the "Zhang Heng seismograph". In 2003 it was shown on the internet web page with the following address: kepu.com.cn (have a look at it). It illustrates quite well how beautifully looked the original fountain with this instrument, and why this instrument was an ornament and a pride of the palace of Chinese Emperor of that time.
#F4. Erroneous inertial explanation of the operation of this device:
The above explanation of the real principle of operation of this device, must also be complemented with the information, that only one such device was ever build by Zhang Heng. Soon after his death in 139 AD the device stopped to work. Some time later it was shifted to his tomb. Finally it was destroyed when Mongols overran China. Also blueprints for the original design of this device have disappeared. The only information about it that survived until our times are descriptions and external drawings done by laymen who saw it in operation. So presently we are facing a challenge of reinventing this wonder device from a very beginning. Starting from 19th century, on the basis of these inept descriptions, various people tried to reconstruct this wonder device (or, more strictly, reinvent it from the scratch). One of them was an Englishman named Dr John Milne, who himself was an inventor and builder of an inertial seismograph. He suggested that the Zhang Heng's device works on inertia forces, means very similar to his own inertial seismograph. Most probably Dr Milne took control rods which are used for steering the degree of opening and slanting of dragons' mouths, for rods which mechanically release the drop of "pearls". Dr Milne's ideas were later followed by others, in this way reinforcing the inertial explanation for this device, and disseminating this explanation throughout the world. In 1951 Mr Wang Zhenduo reconstructed the general appearance of this device just on this assumption that it works on principles of inertia forces. Unfortunately for us, he has NOT even attempted to make a working prototype of this device to prove that it actually would work. This failure of producing a working prototype caused that a faulty mechanical design, which has no chances for working in practice, is now disseminated throughout the world as the correct one.
Since that time all "look-like" replicas of this device, including the one that is exhibited in New Zealand, are reconstructed according to the wrong Wang Zhenduo's inertial model (or Dr John Milne's inertial principles). Unfortunately, this wrong inertial explanation of present orthodox scientists does not reveal the true capabilities of this wonder device. In addition it introduces a lot of confusion. Therefore, for the scientific exactitude it must be stressed here, that no inertial replica of this device was ever make to work in practice. On the other hand, historic records confirm that the real device actually worked. Combining these two facts together we must conclude, that the inertial explanation for the operation of this device is erroneous.
Img.541 (#F4): This is the tomb of Zhang Heng. It is located in the Henan province of China. Into this tomb the "houfeng didongy yi" was shifted soon after his death. Also it was here that the seismograph was finally destroyed during the invasion of Mongols on China. The above photo, together with other tourist information about this historic and worth-seeing place, in 2003 used to be displayed on a web page on Henan which used to exist under the internet address www.henan-window.com.cn/tour/lvyoue.htm (unfortunately, it disappeared by 2005).
#F5. Why "houfeng didongy yi" could not work on inertia:
Why "Zhang Heng seismograph" could not work on inertia. Actually there is a wealth of evidence which clearly indicates that the telepathic earthquake detector discussed here operated on the principle of "chi" (means "telepathic waves") not inertia, and thus that the current inertial explanation of this operation by orthodox science is totally wrong. Let us list here the most important items of such evidence:
#i. The shape. It is extremely difficult and very expensive to form the parabolic mirror shape that the "antenna chamber" of this earthquake detector displays. After all, the cross section through this chamber follows a precise parabolic curve of cross sections through present TV satellite dishes. Much easier and cheaper would be to form this chamber just as a plain cylinder, or even as a square box. Of course, for inertial seismograph the cylinder shape with straight vertical walls, or even a square box shape, would suffice for a chasse to protect mechanism inside. (Even easier would be to build this device completely without any chamber and water - means in a manner as this is done with our modern inertial seismographs.) But for a telepathic detector the shape must be just as it is shown in Img.020 (#D1) here . This is because the interior of the chamber must work as a concave mirror, which focuses telepathic waves onto inlets to pipes that flow water to dragons' mouths.
#ii. Work as a fountain. If this device works just on principle of inertia, then water inside of it would only create problems. So for an inertial operation, it would not need to be build as a fountain. This is why present inertial explanations conveniently "forget" to even mention water and the work of this device as a fountain. But water and the operation as a fountain is absolutely necessary for the interception of telepathic waves.
#iii. The out-flowing water intake at the central axis of this fountain. As this is indicated by old Chinese illustrations, water which was flowing out from mouths of subsequent dragons, was supplied to these mouths with long pipes the inlets to which were placed just by the central vertical axis of the device. Of course, from the technical point of view such design would make no sense unless it was dictated by the principle of operation of this device. After all, mouths of dragons were attached to side walls of the "antenna chamber" in which this water was accumulated. So in order to supply water to these mouths, it was enough to make holes in these walls and no long supply pipes were needed. But these pipes become absolutely necessary if the device works on telepathic waves ("chi"). Then these waves are focused on the central axis of the device. Means that in order to intercept water which was modulated by these telepathic waves, it is necessary to use such long pipes that run radial outwards from the central axis of the device towards mouths of subsequent dragons.
#iv. The location of mouths of dragons approximately half-height of the "antenna chamber". Such height of their location makes no sense neither from the point of view of the operation of this device as an inertial seismograph, nor operation as a fountain. Namely in order to maximise the sensitivity of triggering the leavers in case this device works as an inertial seismograph with the "standing" positioning of the inertial pendulum, the mouths of dragons should be located near the top of the "antenna chamber". Such their location would also make all control and maintenance activities on the triggering mechanism much easier, as this would enable a free access of the maintenance people to these mechanisms. In turn if this device is a fountain with an inertial mechanism inside, then the outflow of water would be most powerful if the mouths of dragons are located by the basis of the device, while the pendulum is placed in the "hanging" position suspended at the top of the "antenna chamber". After all, placing the mouths of dragons at half-height of the "antenna chamber" causes only, that for the fountain a lower half of this chamber remains a dead space completely unused for the increase of pressure of out-flowing water. In case, however, when this device works on "chi", then the placement of mouths of dragons at half-height of this chamber makes a perfect sense. After all, then the walls of the "antenna chamber" are performing the function of concave parabolic mirrors, which focus telepathic waves just around a half-height of this chamber. So it is there where inlets to pipes that intercept water modulated by these waves must be placed.
#v. "Chi". The ancient Chinese name of this device includes the word "houfeng". This clearly indicates that "chi" (means "telepathic waves") were intentionally acknowledged as being utilised in the operation of this device. Also Zhang Heng himself was actually more familiar with properties of telepathic waves than with inertial forces and vibrations. After all, there is a wealth of written evidence that during his times telepathic waves were well known as components of "chi". But there is almost no evidence that people of his times were familiar with inertia forces and with mechanical vibrations to the extend that is needed to build an inertial seismograph. Therefore, for him was much more feasible to utilise "chi" in the operation of his device, than to utilise forces of "inertia" and mechanical vibrations of the ground.
#vi. The symmetry. Mechanical vibrations are always symmetrical. So if one considers the operation of present inertial seismographs, their inertial component always makes symmetrical oscillations in relationship to their chasse. This is excellently shown in present seismograms, in which the line being drawn always deflects symmetrically in both directions from the equilibrium position. This means that if the inertial component slants by value "x" in one direction, it then also slants by almost the same value "-x" in an opposite direction. In case if the earthquake detector discussed here works on the inertial principle, such symmetrical slanting would also need to appear. Practically this means, that after a shockwave arrived to the device, two balls from two opposite sides of the device should fall down, not just one. The first ball would fall down when the earthquake's shockwaves slant the inertial component into one direction, while the ball on the opposite side would fall when the inertial component would symmetrically swing into an opposite direction. In turn the operation of this device on principles of "chi" (means "telepathic waves") - as described before, would cause only a single ball to fall down from a single dragon mouth. And actually historic records clearly indicate, that always only one ball was falling down. This confirms that the device surely worked on principles of telepathic waves, and thus it always throw down only a single ball.
#vii. Audio alarm. The "Zhang Heng seismograph" was producing audio alarm - this is why it used the bronze frogs which emitted a loud sound of like bell ringing. But if this device works on inertia, it would produce an alarm only when a given earthquake shook it. Of course, in such a case the sonic alarm would make no sense, because it would be accompanied by well visible manifestations and sounds of an earthquake, such as collapsing of buildings, falling down and shifting of furniture, detaching and falling down of hanging objects, wobbling of floor and ceiling, etc. So the only justification for the use of audio alarm was, that this alarm was raised a significant time before a given earthquake strikes. This means that the device must operate on principles of "chi".
#viii. Sensitivity. As historic sources document this, original "Zhang Heng seismograph" was very sensitive. Actually it detected earthquakes, the epicentre of which was distant by around 500 kilometres, while the tremors of which were undetectable for people. In turn the principle of operation of present inertial replicas is so formulated, that in order for them to work, an earthquake would need to have an epicentre just under them, while tremors would need to be so powerful that heads of dragons would fall off from them. Actually until writing this paragraph near half of November 2003, I managed to establish the location and details for around 10 apparently "exact" inertial replicas of this device held in various museums and institutions of the world. But so far I have not discovered even a single one such an inertial device which would actually work in practice and really indicate earthquakes, although about all of these replicas it is claimed that they are "accurate" copies of the original device. All the existing replicas of this device are only ornamental copies which try to imitate the external appearance of this device, and which claim, that have a working inertial mechanism inside of them. But none of these inertial replicas actually works. On the basis of my knowledge of the principle of operation of the inertial lever mechanism proposed for this device, I am personally convinced, that it is NOT possible for this mechanism to be enough sensitive to detect an earthquake which is not noticeable for people. We also must remember, that the sensitivity of such a lever mechanism would be additionally decreased due to the work in water, and thus due to a fast progress of corrosion in joints of levers
To summarise the above, an inertial explanation for the operation of this telepathic device is totally wrong. It only devaluates and puts down the real value of this extraordinary telepathic instrument. The true explanation for this device is hidden in the utilisation of telepathic waves stemming from the knowledge of "chi" ("houfeng") by ancient Chinese.
Img.542 (#F5): A full-size replica of the "houfeng didongy yi". Notice that it is around 3 meters high. It is probably the only replica which clearly illustrates to onlookers that the instrument was actually a fountain. Other replicas do not emphasize the contribution of flowing water to the operation of this unique device. In 2003 this interesting replica is shown on the web page international.tamu.edu. This page is worth having a look at. It shows a good photographic record relating to this device and to Zhang Heng himself.
#F6. The "houfeng didongy yi" foreruns present orthodox science by at least 100 years:
Although present orthodox science is so proud of its accomplishments, actually the alarming device described above build in 132 AD, foreruns it in the technical advancement by at least further 100 years. This number of 100 years results from my estimations, that the present orthodox science needs at least further 50 years in order to accept the existence of telepathic waves. Then it needs further at least 30 years to learn these waves sufficiently, to develop methods of their technical utilisation. Finally it still needs at least around 20 further years to design, test, and fine tune a technical device similar to that described above.
But the good news is, that this lengthily process could be cut short to only around 5 to 10 years, if we right now accept the fact that the "Zhang Heng seismograph" actually worked on telepathic waves ("houfeng"), and simply start our learning of technical telepathy from constructing a modern equivalent for this wonder of ancient technology.
Img.543 (#F6): A replica of the "houfeng didongy yi" which was exhibited in Canada on the exhibition entitled "China! 7000 Years of Innovation" at Vancouver's Science World. The above photograph is reproduced by a kind permission from Kim M. Fong (kim@china4visitors.com), from the web page
china4visitors.com. (It is worth to have a look at this interesting page!)
![Fig. #F1 (G1 in [4b])](abb-ori/227.jpg)
